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Adriano Bordalo Ppt
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- Slide 1: THE WATER QUESTION UNDER EXTREME POVERTY THE EXAMPLE OF BOLAMA, GUINEA-BISSAU Adriano A. Bordalo & Joana Savva-Bordalo
- Slide 2: GUINEA-BISSAU 28,000 km2 land area (32,000 km2) Tropical rain forest (85%) Wet - June to November Dry - December to May 1,600,00 inhabitants AIDS - 7% [30%] GDP - $188 13.6% “potable” water Cholera Diarrheas Malaria Respiratory diseases
- Slide 3: WATER CONSUMPTION PER PERSON EUROPE - 150 liters
- Slide 4: WATER CONSUMPTION PER PERSON AFRICA - 50 liters
- Slide 5: WATER CONSUMPTION PER PERSON AFRICA - 50 liters RURAL POPULATION URBAN POPULATION network network 52 L 72 L
- Slide 6: WATER USES
- Slide 7: THE ORIGIN OF WATER
- Slide 8: THE ORIGIN OF WATER
- Slide 9: WATER CONSTRAINS
- Slide 10: WATER CONSTRAINS
- Slide 11: WATER CONSTRAINS
- Slide 12: WATER CONSTRAINS
- Slide 13: WATER CONSUMPTION 21 liters 40 liters (Muslim areas)
- Slide 14: RATIONALE • Seasonal water quality • Disease • Sustainable measures
- Slide 15: SAMPLING STRATEGY 28 - 43 wells
- Slide 16: PRECIPITATION 1998 - 2007 Bolama precipitation (1998-2007) 600 500 400 mm 300 200 100 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month
- Slide 17: PRECIPITATION 1998 - 2007 Bolama precipitation (1998-2007) 600 500 400 mm 300 200 100 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month 900 Bolama - Precipitation 800 2007 700 2006 2005 600 2004 2003 500 2002 mm 400 2001 2000 300 1999 1998 200 100 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month
- Slide 18: WATER ACIDITY wet season dry season EU 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 pH
- Slide 19: FECAL CONTAMINATION EU wet season dry season 0 25 50 75 100 125 fecal coliforms 100 ml-1
- Slide 20: IRON wet season EU dry season 0 50 100 150 200 250 µg l-1
- Slide 21: FECAL COLIFORMS uncontaminated zone
- Slide 22: WATER QUALITY INDEX 50-60% - reasonable 40-50% - mediocre <40% - bad
- Slide 23: WATER NETWORK?
- Slide 24: PRECIPITATION & DISEASE Bolama 2006/07 400 Patients 600 Precipitation 350 500 300 400 250 200 300 No patients 150 Precipit 200 100 100 50 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D Month 2006 2007
- Slide 25: PRECIPITATION & DISEASE 50 Intestinal 600 Precipitation 45 500 40 35 400 30 25 300 No patients 20 Prec 200 15 10 100 5 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D Month 2006 2007
- Slide 26: CHILD MORTALITY Malaria 35% Respiratory infections 15% Diarrhea 15% UNDP, 2002
- Slide 27: CHOLERA EPIDEMICS 1986, 1987, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2005 2008
- Slide 28: SOLUTIONS PROBLEM Acidic water 400 g of oyster shells 8.0 7.0 EU 6.0 pH 5.0 4.0 3.0 23:32 0:32 1:32 2:32 3:32 4:32 5:32 6:32 7:32 8:32 9:32 Time (UTC)
- Slide 29: SOLUTIONS PROBLEM Fecal materials 1 drop bleach in one liter of water 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 EU Fecal coliforms (cfu 100 ml-1) 0 0 20 40 60 80 Time (minutes)
- Slide 30: MORE SOLUTIONS wells X
- Slide 31: MORE SOLUTIONS latrines X
- Slide 32: acknowledgments AMI - International Medical Assistance Portuguese Embassy - Bissau AIDA - Spanish Cooperation Bolama Regional Health Authority ICBAS - University of Porto IPO - Porto
