9 Ist Resolution Frames L3
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9 IST Information Software Technolgy
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- Slide 1: Resolution, Frame & Sample Rates 9ISTW1L3
- Slide 2: Meet the smallest guy • The arrow points to the smallest amount of graphical data we use. • Its called a PIXEL
- Slide 3: How many PIXELS • If my screen is set to display 800x600 mode. • I am using 480,000 of them. • For ‘true’ colour, each pixel could be 1 of 16.7 million choices. • There are 24 ‘bits’ of memory 600 available for each pixel to use, so the biggest number it could be in BINARY is • 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 = 16.7million(ish) 800
- Slide 4: PIXEL BLOW OUT • So if you want to use a big screen setting or want to print something large, then you need more and more pixels. • Early video games didn’t have high resolution or many colours. • Bigger size & more colours = bigger memory demands and more processor time. • Until the late 90s, most computers could choose from about 256 colours (8 bit) not 16.7 million (24 bit).
- Slide 5: Resolution? • In Digital Media talk about RESOLUTION of images and video. • RESOLUTION refers to the amount of detail that is either input or output using a computer • The bigger the resolution number, the finer the detail • Each DOT on your screen is called PIXEL • Your screen uses 72 PIXELS in each INCH • There are 72 little ‘dots’ in each inch of your screen.
- Slide 6: Resolution? • A printer does not have PIXELS • Printers use tiny DOTS to output images • PRINTERS usually have 300-2400 DOTS in each INCH that they can do. • Printers measure in DPI (Dots per inch) • So printers need somewhere between 4 and 32 times as much input to make an image look sharp – compaired to a screen
- Slide 7: PPI and DPI • Let’s get it straight. • DPI is what your printer spews out – dots on paper. • PPI is what digital cameras and scanned images produce. • True, the world won’t end if we interchange these terms, but we need to understand that PPI is input; DPI is printer output.
- Slide 8: If a 72ppi image is 20mm x 10mm at it’s original size… 72ppi And you then print it out on A 300dpi printer and also enlarge it to 200mm x 100mm
- Slide 9: You simple did not have enough pixels in your input and when you make it bigger, it looks like this. This is what we call LOW RESOLUTION.
- Slide 10: Moving Digital Images
- Slide 11: Digital Motion • Digital Media can be used for moving images – FILM, though it’s not film, its just BINARY now. • Frame rate, or frame frequency, is the measurement of how quickly an imaging device produces unique consecutive images called frames. • The term applies equally well to computer graphics, video cameras, film cameras, and motion capture systems. Frame rate is most often expressed in frames per second or simply, hertz (Hz).
- Slide 12: Digital Media - Sound
- Slide 13: Sound Capture • When we turn ANALOGUE sound into digital, we refer to it as CAPTURING. • When we talk about the ‘quality’ of the sound, we talk about its SAMPLE RATE. • The higher the sample rate, the better the reproduction will be • The higher the sample rate, the bigger the file size will be too!
- Slide 14: Sampled Music • The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second taken from ANALOGUE input • It can be measured in hertz (Hz). • There are some common RATES that we use in DIGITAL MEDIA
- Slide 15: Rates of sampling • 8,000 Hz - telephone, adequate for human speech • 11,025 Hz and 22,050 Hz - used WEB sounds like YOUTUBE. • 32,000 Hz - miniDV digital video camcorder • 44,100 Hz - audio CD, also most commonly used with MPEG-1 audio (VCD, SVCD, MP3) • 96,000 or 192,000 Hz - DVD-Audio, some LPCM DVD tracks, BD-ROM (Blu-ray Disc) audio tracks, and HD-DVD (High-Definition DVD) audio tracks
- Slide 16: Summary • Digital Media includes • Sound, Moving Images (film), Static Images(photos & paintings), Animated Images • Storage Media, CDs, DVD, Hard Drives • Devices – scanners, microphones
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